Special Session Abstracts SS01-SS15
Sessions 01 - 15 | Sessions
16 - 30 | Sessions
31 - 46
SS01 - The interface between
theory and field experiment: getting beyond yes-or-no answers
Orlando Sarnelle (sarnelle@pilot.msu.edu),
Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Michigan State University,
East Lansing, MI 48824-1222, USA. FAX: 517-432-1699
Sebastian Diehl (diehl@zi.biologie.uni-muenchen.de),
Zoologisches Institut der LMU, Karlstr. 23, D-80333 Muenchen, Germany.
FAX: ++49 (0) 89 5902-461
There is little explicit connection between theory and experimental
studies in limnology and oceanography. Explicit models are often used
to assess the relative contributions of different processes to a particular
phenomenon (sensitivity analysis), but field experiments typically
ask whether or not a particular process has a statistically significant
effect. By tying experimental questions explicitly to theoretical
predictions, we can go beyond yes-no answers. Unfortunately, theoretical
papers rarely provide explicit suggestions for how models might be
tested experimentally. This session will bring together aquatic ecologists
with an interest in models that can be tested experimentally or in
testing explicit theory with field experiments.
SS02 - Thermodynamics of aquatic systems
Søren Nors Nielsen (snn@mail.dfh.dk),
Section for Environmental Chemistry, The Royal Danish School of
Pharmacy, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Phone:+45
35306455, Fax.: +45 35306001 or +45 35306010
Colin S. Reynolds (creynolds@ife.ac.uk),
Inst. of Freshwater Ecology, Ambleside, Cumbria LA22 0LP, United
Kingdom
The physical, abiotic environment is one important factor in determining
the behaviour and evolution of aquatic ecosystems. The physical environment
defines a "window of viability" in which the biological part can carry
out their various activities. The highly variable environment set
out in aquatic systems in turn requires high variablity in the function
of, not only the individual organisms, but also the constellations
of organisms, the trophic network of the ecosystems. The organisms
and the ecosystem need to fit to the prevailing environment. As the
environment is changing, either for natural reasons like yearly fluctuations
or as a consequence of human influence, like pollution, the ecosystems
have to respond with changes that fits the environment.
During the recent decades fitness have often been discussed in terms
of a thermodynamic understanding of organism or systems and knowledge
about the importance to especially aquatic system is increasing. The
experiences gained up to now indicates that fitness, in the sense
of thermodynamic efficiency, forms an important entrance point for
increasing our understanding of and finding causal explanations to
processes like adaptation, succession, etc. At the end an improved
understanding will serve to improve our management of aquatic ecosystems.
The convenors call for contributions that may serve to illustrate
how energetics and thermodynamical efficiency determine aquatic ecosystem
behaviour at all levels of biological hierarchy.
SS03 - Astrolimnology: Measuring the quality
of lakes from heaven
Patrick L. Brezonik (brezo001@tc.umn.edu),
Department of Civil Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis,
MN 55455, USA. Fax: (612) 625-1263
Advances in satellite technology, computer hardware, and image processing
software over the past two decades have greatly expanded the feasibility
of monitoring lake conditions such as trophic state by use of satellites
orbiting the earth. This session will describe these advances and
discuss challenges and limitations that must be overcome to further
popularize this technology. Contributions are sought that illustrate
the use of satellite and other remote sensing imagery to measure specific
characteristics such as chlorophyll levels, transparency, and macrophyte
abundance in lakes and coastal waters.
SS04 - Sensor technology for remote interactive
experiments in aquatic environments
Kendra Daly (kdaly@nsf.gov), Division
of Ocean Sciences, Rm 725, National Science Foundation, 4201 Wilson
Blvd., Arlington, VA 22230. Fax: +1-703-306-0390-fax, H. Lawrence
Clark (hclark@nsf.gov). Fax: +1-703-306-0390
Gwyn Griffiths (Gwyn.Griffiths@soc.soton.ac.uk).
Fax: +44 (0) 1703-596149
John Delaney (jdelaney@u.washington.edu).
Fax: +1-206-543-0275
The coming decade will witness a rapid growth in moored, cabled, and
autonomous observatories to investigate a spectrum of basic processes
that need to be addressed through continuous interdisciplinary experiments.
We anticipate the need for the development of new or re-engineered
technologies and sensor designs for measuring physical, chemical,
biological, and geological processes and manipulating in situ experiments.
Contributions related to innovative chemical and biological sensors
are particularly encouraged. A goal of this special session and a
follow-on workshop is to bring together creative scientists, engineers,
and technologists from diverse backgrounds to exchange ideas on new
experimental approaches and methodology, particularly for remote,
hostile, and poorly sampled regions.
SS05 - High resolution pigment distribution
processes and fate
Fauzi Mantoura (RFCM@wpo.nerc.ac.uk),
Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, Plymouth PL1 3DH, UK
The purpose of this session is to provide an update on any discoveries
of new pigments, including carotenoids, chlorophylls and their breakdown
product, in contrasting marine environments. The role of pigments
in chemotaxonomy, photosynthesis and photoproduction would also be
welcome. Finally, the prospect of linking large-scale pigment distributions
to the recently recognized concept of ocean biogeochemical provinces
could also be explored. Any contributions relating to the distribution
of pigments, pigment composition and remote sensing from ocean colour
would also be welcome.
SS06 - Microorganisms in stream systems
Jürgen Marxsen (jmarxsen@mpil-schlitz.mpg.de),
Limnologische Fluss-Station des Max-Planck-Instituts für Limnologie,
Damenweg 1, D-36110 Schlitz, Germany. Fax: +49-6642-6724
The heterogeneous and complicated structure of streams with several
boundaries over short distances (water/sediment, stream/groundwater,
land/water, ...) presents a challenge to scientists from limnology
and other disciplines that still leaves plenty of questions open.
This is especially true for the role of microorganisms, which in stream
systems have traditionally been considered to be involved only in
the decomposition of organic matter and the remineralization of nutrients,
but which in recent years have been shown to be also of great importance
to stream food webs. The current knowledge on the role of microorganisms
in streams will be the focus of this session.
SS07 - Sub-aquatic and sub-aerial biofilms-
myth or reality
W. E. Krumbein (wek@africa.geomic.uni-oldenburg.de),
Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM),
Carl von Ossietzky-Universitaet Oldenburg, POB 2503 D-26111 Oldenburg
Germany. Fax 49-441-798-3384
D. M. Paterson (dp1@st-andrews.ac.uk),
Gatty Marine Laboratory, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews,
Fife KY16 8 LB, Scotland, UK
The session concentrates on the different forms and ecological situations
of biofilms and microbial mats. It will highlight the significance
of these different community types and life styles. It will acknowledge
early Danish contributions of the Odense group and in Flora Danica.
Further, the question of cross-relations with stromatolites, fouling
communities and the formation of ore bodies will be covered. Contributions
about different types of organisms contributing to biofilms and microbial
mats are welcome among which, not only phototroph but also chemoorganotroph
bacterial and eukaryotic organisms as well as biofilm-macroorganism
interactions. Further contributions to the following questions are
welcome: (i) molecular ecological and biodiversity related studies
of sub- aquatic and sub-aerial biofilms; (ii) contribution of extracellular
compounds to community stability; (iii) physical behaviour of water
in biofilms; (iv) metal processing in biofilms (v) biofilms and UV-
radiation (vi) conquering environments with stress (low water activity;
temperature extremes; extreme stress through toxic substances; (vii)
fossil biofilms. The major aim of the session is to demonstrate the
biodiversity, ecological and geological importance and material processing
potential of biofilms in all aquatic but also sub-aerial and deep
geosphere (ground water, mines, etc.) environments. Contributions
are also invited regarding the question why and how macro-organismic
benthic ecosystems evolved at the end of the Precambrium and how biofilms
interact with special benthic systems like stromatolithic mud-mounds
in the ocean and in lakes or with reef communities.
SS08 - Microbial diversity and community structure
in aquatic environments - regulating mechanisms in different habitats
Richard Christen (christen@obs-vlfr.fr),
Université Paris 6 & CNRS ESA7076, Ecologie Microbienne, Station
Zoologique, F-06234 Villefranche sur mer, France. Tel.: +33 4 93 76
37 80
Manfred G. Höfle (mho@gbf.de), GBF
- National Research Centre for Biotechnology, Divison Microbiology,
AG Microbial Ecology, Mascheroder Weg 1, D-38124 Braunschweig. Germany.
Tel.: +49-531-6181-419. FAX: +49-531-6181-411
Molecular tools are now widely used for the determination of the community
structure of natural bacterial assemblages, assessment of their diversity
and in situ-identification of single cells. However, the way abiotic
and biotic factors may influence the diversity, structure and dynamics
of bacterial communities and populations remains largely unknown.
This session aims on such regulatory factors that bring new insights
in microbial community structure and dynamics, and their relation
to a specific environment. Extensive data sets on a particular site,
comparisons of different sites or methods would be most welcome.
SS09 - Bacterioplankton communities in lakes
and oceans - Functional and structural similarities and differences
Meinhard Simon (m.simon@icbm.uni-oldenburg.de),
Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM),
University of Oldenburg, PO Box 2503, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany.
Tel. +49-(0)441-798-5361. Fax +49-(0)441-798-3438
During the last two decades, many studies were carried out which documented
in many aquatic ecosystems, including lakes of different trophic states,
estuaries, and various marine systems, the great significance of bacterioplankton
communities for the cycling of matter and the flux of energy. With
respect to the functional role, the bacterioplankton communities in
marine and freshwater systems appeared to be surprisingly similar
as revealed by many cross-system overviews even though some specific
features of marine as compared to freshwater systems emerged. Studying
the structural composition of bacterioplankton communities in freshwater
and marine systems in the recent past with molecular techniques such
as sequence similarities of the 16S rRNA gene and by in situ hybridization
with rRNA-targeted oligonucleotide probes, striking differences were
revealed. In oceanic systems typical phylotype clusters of alpha-proteobacteria
were discovered which are lacking in freshwater systems. In the latter
system, beta-proteobacteria are usually one of the major or the major
component of bacterioplankton communites whereas they are literally
absent in marine and in particular in ocanic systems. In Antarctic
waters and in the mesopelagic zone Archaea were discovered which have
no counterpart in freshwater systems. This session will focus on recent
findings with respect to structural and functional differences and
similarities in marine and freshwater systems. Two introductory talks
will set the stage for invited and contributed papers.
SS10 - Microbe-particle interactions in pelagic
ecosystems
Farooq Azam (fazam@ucsd.edu),
Scripps Institute of Oceanography, UCSD. FAX: 619-534-7313
Barry and Evelyn Sherr (sherrb@oce.orst.edu),
College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, OSU. FAX: 541-737-4369
New research has shown that pelagic microbes: bacteria, algae and
heterotrophic protists, do not live in a homogenous environment, but
rather in a highly structured one. Particulate organic matter, from
colloidal polymer gels to large detrital particles, provides physical
surfaces for microbial attachment, forms barriers against chemical
diffusion, and furnishes refuges against grazers. This session will
include invited and contributed papers on the interactions of microbes
and particles, from the role of microbes in formation of gels and
organic particles, to how particulate structure at scales of microns
to centimeters due to gels and particles affects phylogeny, physiology,
and ecology of microbes in pelagic systems.
SS11 - Microbial microscale patchiness: chemosensory
behavior of bacteria (invited)
Jim Michell (jim.mitchell@flinders.edu.au),
Biology, Flinders University, GPO Box 2100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.
Voice 618 8201 3684, Fax 618 8201 3015
As appreciation of the importance of the microbial loop has increased,
so to has the need to understand how microbes interact. The distribution
and dynamics of microbes over distances of millimeters to centimeters
is poorly understood in the water column. There are few in situ observations
at this scale and the relative contribution of motility, buoyancy
and fluid movement in determining microbial distributions and interactions
remains to be fully elucidated. Contributions are invited on the measurement
and theory of microscale interactions and distributions for free floating
pico-, nano-, and microplankton in response to the chemical and physical
environment. To encourage multidisciplinary participation, invited
presentations include microbiology, biological oceanography and fluid
dynamics.
SS12 - The significance and control of water
column respiration in aquatic systems
Erik M. Smith (emsmith@hpl.umces.edu),
University of Maryland Center for Environmental Science, Horn Point
Laboratory, Cambridge, Maryland 21613 USA. Fax: 410.221.8590
Paul del Giorgio (delgior@hpl.umces.edu);
fax: 410.221.8590
P. J. Leb Williams (oss074@bangor.ac.uk);
fax 44.1248.716367
Respiration (R) is the essential counterpart to photosynthesis (P),
and together the two processes define the C-balance and trophic status
of aquatic ecosystems. Partitioning of P and R between microbes and
metazoans profoundly impacts the fate of organic-C within aquatic
environments. While traditional focus has been on factors regulating
P, there is growing interest in community level R. Questions remain,
however, regarding controls on R, particularly for bacteria. This
session intends to assemble marine and freshwater researchers, employing
comparative and experimental approaches, to address questions of R
regulation and organic C-balance at scales ranging from bacteria to
whole ecosystems.
SS13 - Microbial ecology of the arctic oceans
James T. Hollibaugh (aquadoc@uga.edu),
Patricia L. Yager (pyager@uga.edu)
Department of Marine Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
30602-3636. Fax: 706-542-5888
This session focuses on microbial processes in the Arctic Ocean, from
organic matter distributions and productivity to species composition
and endemism. Results from recent cruises suggest anomalies in coupling
between primary production and bacterial production at high latitudes,
yet the basis for the apparent uncoupling temporal lags, the effect
of temperature on bacterial physiology, grazing pressure, etc. - is
not clear. We seek papers that address these issues as well as those
addressing basic questions of prokaryote physiology and biogeography.
SS14 - Crossing the membrane boundary between
life and death: The biogeochemistry of lysis and EOC production by
phytoplankton and bacteria
David Bird (bird.david@uqum.ca),
Universite du Quebed a Montreal, C.P. 8888, Succ. A, Montreal, Quebec,
Canada. Fax: +1 514.987-4647
Susana Augusti Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados, CSIC-Univ.
Illes Balears, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7.5, 07071- Palma de Mallorca
(Islas Baleares), Spain
Planktonic dynamics are necessarily based on growth (biomass accumulation)
and loss. Accepted loss factors for phytoplankton are sedimentation
and grazing, and perhaps secondarily, some modest diffusive losses
and viral attack. Bacteria, in the modern understanding, are either
grazed (50 to 90% per day) or lysed by viruses (the remaining production).
Therefore the new evidence that important or even dominant fractions
of the potential planktonic production are lost to direct cell death
and nonviral lysis are exciting and controversial. We invite papers
documenting, quantifying and/or explaining lytic and other extracellular
pathways of carbon flow in fresh and marine waters.
SS15 - Organic matter as a linkage between terrestrial
and freshwater ecosystems (invited)
Robert G. Wetzel (rwetzel@biology.as.ua.edu),
Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa,
Alabama 35487-0206. USA. 205-348-1793 (phone), 205-348-1403 (fax)
Organic matter drives metabolism in freshwater ecosystems. It is becoming
increasingly evident that the proportion of organic matter derived
from terrestrial sources can be much greater than that produced autochthonously
in both lakes and rivers. Much of the allochthonous organic matter
enters fresh waters as soluble and colloidal organic matter of varying
degrees of biological availability. This special session will be devoted
to organic loading pathways, quantities of organic matter derived
from different sources, quality of the organic matter, and transformation
pathways of the particulate and soluble organic matter as it passes
from terrestrial sources and once it enters fresh waters.
Sessions 01 - 15 | Sessions
16 - 30 | Sessions
31 - 46
