Aquatic Sciences Meeting, Albuquerque 2001
| SS46 Anadromous Fish as Links Between Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems (Spatial and Temporal Connections) |
| Date: Friday, February 16, 2001, Time: 9:00:00 AM |
| Location: Sandia/Santa Ana |
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| Wipfli, M, S, Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Juneau, USA, mwipfli@fs.fed.us |
| Hudson, J, P, Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Juneau, USA, jhudson@fs.fed.us |
| Caouette, J, P, Pacific Northwest Research Station, USDA Forest Service, Juneau, USA, jcaouette@fs.fed.us |
| Heintz, R, A, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA, Juneau, USA, ron.heintz@noaa.gov |
| Chaloner, D, T, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, USA, dchalone@nd.edu |
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| SALMON-DRIVEN MARINE-FRESHWATER LINKAGES: MARINE NUTRIENTS AND ENERGY INCREASE STREAM FOOD WEB PRODUCTIVITY IN ALASKA, USA |
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| Abundance, growth rates, lipid reserves, and marine-based (n-3 polyunsaturated) fatty acids increased in most of the major trophic levels (biofilm, invertebrates, fishes) in response to nutrients and energy from salmon spawners in mesocosms and natural streams in Southeast Alaska. In addition, higher salmon carcass loadings (i.e., higher spawner densities) lead to increased responses (abundance, growth rates, lipid reserves, and/or n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids) of most trophic levels in mesocosm experiments. As predators in fresh water, trout, char, juvenile salmon and other fishes ultimately benefit by feeding on the more abundant prey, and from feeding directly on salmon tissue and eggs. These salmon apparently fuel a natural positive feedback loop that helps sustain their own populations, and in addition, helps support other species. A better understanding of the influence that marine nutrients and energy from salmon runs have on freshwater-riparian food webs is crucial for managing salmon, other species, and ecosystems, that depend on this annual nutrient and energy subsidy from the ocean. |
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